Based on George Parks Free Essays

A Guide to the History of Mongooses

A Guide to the History of Mongooses Mongooses are individuals from the Herpestidae family, and they are little savage well evolved creatures with 34 separate species found in around 20 genera. As grown-ups, they go in size from 1-6 kilograms (2 to 13 pounds) in weight, and their body lengths go between 23-75 centimeters (9 to 30 inches). They are fundamentally African in starting point, albeit one class is boundless all through Asia and southern Europe, and a few genera are discovered uniquely on Madagascar. Late research on training issues (in the English language scholastic press, at any rate), has mainly centered around the Egyptian or white-followed mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon). The Egyptian mongoose (H. ichneumon) is a medium-sized mongoose, grown-ups weighing around 2-4 kg (4-8 lb.), with a thin body, around 50-60 cm (9-24 in) long, and a tail around 45-60 cm (20-24 in) long. The hide is grizzled dim, with a notably darker head and lower appendages. It has little, adjusted ears, a sharp gag, and an adorned tail. The mongoose has a summed up diet that incorporates little to medium-sized spineless creatures, for example, bunnies, rodents, fowls, and reptiles, and they have no issues with eating the flesh of bigger warm blooded creatures. Its cutting edge conveyance is all over Africa, in the Levant from the Sinai promontory to southern Turkey and in Europe in the southwestern piece of the Iberian landmass. Mongooses and Human Beings The soonest Egyptian mongoose found at archeological destinations involved by people or our precursors is at Laetoli, in Tanzania. H. ichneumon remains have likewise been recuperated at a few South African Middle Stone Age destinations, for example, Klasies River, Nelson Bay, and Elandsfontein. In the Levant, it has been recuperated from Natufian (12,500-10,200 BP) locales of el-Wad and Mount Carmel. In Africa, H. ichneumon has been distinguished in Holocene locales and in the early Neolithic site of Nabta Playa (11-9,000 cal BP) in Egypt. Different mongooses, explicitly the Indian dark mongoose, H. edwardsi, are known from Chalcolithic destinations in India (2600-1500 BC). A little H. edwardsii was recuperated from the Harrappan human advancement site of Lothal, ca 2300-1750 BC; mongooses show up in models and connected with explicit divinities in both Indian and Egyptian societies. None of these appearances essentially speak to train creatures. Trained Mongooses Truth be told, mongooses dont appear to have ever been trained in the genuine feeling of the word. They dont require taking care of: like felines, they are trackers and can get their own meals. Like felines, they can mate with their wild cousins; like felines, given the chance, mongooses will come back to nature. There are no physical changes in mongooses after some time which propose some training procedure at work. Be that as it may, likewise like felines, Egyptian mongooses can make incredible petsâ if you get them at an early age; and, additionally like felines, they are acceptable at downplaying the vermin down: a helpful attribute for people to abuse. The connection among mongooses and individuals appears to have made in any event a stride towards taming in the New Kingdom of Egypt (1539-1075 BC). New Kingdom mummies of Egyptian mongooses were found at the twentieth line site of Bubastis, and in Roman period Dendereh and Abydos. In his Natural History written in the primary century AD, Pliny the senior gave an account of a mongoose he found in Egypt. It was in all likelihood the development of the Islamic human progress that brought the Egyptian mongoose into southwestern Iberian landmass, likely during the Umayyad tradition (AD 661-750). Archeological proof demonstrates that preceding the eighth century AD, not a single mongooses were in sight in Europe more as of late than the Pliocene. Early Specimens of Egyptian Mongoose in Europe One almost complete H. ichneumon was found in the Cave of Nerja, Portugal. Nerja has a few centuries of occupations, including an Islamic period occupation. The skull was recouped from the Las Fantasmas room in 1959, and despite the fact that the social stores in this room date to the last Chalcolithic, AMS radiocarbon dates demonstrate that the creature went into the cavern between the sixth and eighth hundreds of years (885-40 RCYBP) and was caught. A previous revelation was four bones (skull, pelvis and two complete right ulnae) recuperated from the Muge Mesolithic period shell middens of focal Portugal. Despite the fact that Muge itself is safely dated to between 8000 AD 7600 cal BP, the mongoose bones themselves date to 780-970 cal AD, showing that it also tunneled into early stores where it passed on. Both of these revelations bolster the hint that Egyptian mongooses were brought into southwestern Iberia during the extension of the Islamic progress of the sixth eighth hundreds of years AD, likely the Ummayad emirate of Cordoba, 756-929 AD. Sources Detry C, Bicho N, Fernandes H, and Fernandes C. 2011. The Emirate of Cã ³rdoba (756â€929 AD) and the presentation of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) in Iberia: the remaining parts from Muge, Portugal. Journal of Archeological Scienceâ 38(12):3518-3523.Encyclopedia of Life. Herpestes. Gotten to January 22, 2012Gaubert P, Machordom A, Morales A, Lã ³pez-Bao JV, Veron G, Amin M, Barros T, Basuony M, Djagoun CAMS, San EDL et al. 2011. Comparative phylogeography of two African carnivorans probably brought into Europe: unraveling characteristic versus human-intervened dispersal over the Strait of Gibraltar. Journal of Biogeographyâ 38(2):341-358.Palomares F, and Delibes M. 1993. Social association in the Egyptian mongoose: bunch size, spatial conduct and between singular contacts in adults. Animal Behaviourâ 45(5):917-925.Myers, P. 2000. Herpestidae (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Gotten to January 22, 2012 http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/a ccounts/data/Herpestidae.html.Riquelme-Cantala JA, Simã ³n-Vallejo MD, Palmqvist P, and Cortã ©s-Snchez M. 2008. The most seasoned mongoose of Europe. Journal of Archeological Science 35(9):2471-2473. Ritchie EG, and Johnson CN. 2009. Predator cooperations, mesopredator discharge and biodiversity conservation. Ecology Letters 12(9):982-998.Sarmento P, Cruz J, Eira C, and Fonseca C. 2011. Modeling the inhabitance of sympatric carnivorans in a Mediterranean ecosystem. European Journal of Wildlife Researchâ 57(1):119-131.van der Geer, A. 2008 Animals in Stone: Indian vertebrates formed through time. Brill: Leiden.

Tips for Stopping Eating Disorder Behaviors

Tips for Stopping Eating Disorder Behaviors Eating Disorders Treatment Print How to Break Habits Related to Eating Disorders Recognizing dieting, purging, bingeing, and exercise as habits helps By Alli Spotts-De Lazzer, M.A., MFT, LPCC, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Rachel Goldman, PhD, FTOS on January 26, 2020 Rachel Goldman, PhD FTOS is a licensed psychologist, clinical assistant professor, speaker, wellness expert specializing in weight management and eating behaviors.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Rachel Goldman, PhD, FTOS Updated on February 12, 2020 gruizza / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention In This Article Table of Contents Expand Eating Habits Dieting Habits Binge Eating Habits Purging Habits Exercise Habits What to Do View All Back To Top Dieting, purging, binge eating, or excessive exercise can be difficult behaviors to change. The reason these unhealthy actions can be so hard to overcome is that they have become strong habits. As with the formation of any habit, changing these behaviors takes some time and effort. By steadily working toward healthier goals, you can eventually replace bad habits with more positive ones. How Eating Habits Form The neuroscience of habit formation is complex. In simplified terms, a habit is a behavior or sequence of behaviors that has shifted from requiring focus and energy to one that requires little to no attentionâ€"one that is seemingly  automatic.??  Humans often do things in pursuit of a reward; so we often develop habits through our repeated thoughts and behaviors directed toward the reward. At some point, the brain seems to choose to conserve energyâ€"kind of like a computer’s hard drive when it shifts to sleep modeâ€"by allowing us to not use extra thinking energy on what has already been well-practiced. As a result, a habit has been formed. Consider how the habit to brush your teeth twice each day begins. When you were a small child, it took a great deal of focus and concentration to make sure to scrub your molars, your gums, and other teeth. You may have even practiced a particular order of actions or a sequence. The desired reward might have been parental praise, a feeling of accomplishment, or an avoidance of punishment. The initial few acts of brushing your teeth probably required a lot more energy and attention than it does now. This transition from deliberate intentionality to automatic habit  happens without awareness. The same process can help explain what may feel like failed attempts at changing dieting, binge eating, purging, and compulsive exercise behaviors. Dieting Habits Dieting means restricting caloric intake below what is required to maintain body weight. When a person repeatedly adheres to specific food rules and behaviors, especially if the rules and behaviors are tied to perceived rewards (e.g., self-esteem, weight loss, health), the repeated choices and actions may become habits. Once a habit has been formed in the brain’s structure, rewards can disappear or stop and the habit may continue.?? In the case of dieting, weight loss may slow or plateau. People may feel that they are not reaching the goals they have set, or they might feel that they dont look the way that they think they should look. This can have both physical and mental health repercussions. These effects of restriction can include: IrritabilityDecreased sociabilityFeeling less energeticPhysical weaknessMalnutritionRefeeding syndromeConcentration difficultiesMood changes Despite such consequences, the dieting habit may persist because the brain has gotten into a routine. Groundbreaking research revealed that people with anorexia nervosa, an extreme example of repeated food restriction, seem to make decisions about their food from a specific area of the brain that is associated with habits.?? Why does this matter? The brain may actually be directing the person with anorexia nervosa to what is habitual (e.g., low calorie and restrictive foods) even if the person wants to eat differently. Anorexia nervosa is a multi-faceted, serious, and sometimes life-threatening illness; one component of its persistence might be attributed to the brain having adopted habit over a choice.?? Binge Eating Habits Anything repeatedly practiced may become a habit. While bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder are less studied than anorexia nervosa, they both involve binge eating, which can also become automatic or habitual. A feeling of relief from experiencing emotions or “numbing out,” a dopamine release, and a sense of fullness or comfort are examples of some of the perceived initial rewards of binge eating. Over time, repeated binge eating may develop into a habit without the person’s intention.?? A binge eating habit can result in psychological struggles and medical consequences related to increased body size. There can be other psychological consequences as well. Binge eating can involve feelings of embarrassment that can lead to isolation. Feelings of guilt and disgust can also lead to psychological struggles. It’s important to be aware of food restriction-driven binges, which can feel confusing. Dieting and restricting can actually trigger a binge, and this commonly happens when a person is not eating enough and in regular increments. Since food is a basic need for survival, chronic dieting (or a dieting habit) can drive binge cycles that can transition into repeated food restricting-then-binge-eating patterns and habits. Purging Habits For purging behaviors (those that empty, such as the use of vomiting, enemas, diuretics, and laxatives), if there is repetition, then the choice may shift to habit. Additionally, the perceived rewards that initially drove the purging behavior (e.g., the pursuit of weight loss, a release of dopamine, relieving a feeling of over-fullness, etc.) may become less of a driving force than the automaticity of the habit. The eventual physiological responses to a purging habit (those behaviors common in bulimia nervosa) can range from subtle or uncomfortable to more serious, including: Swollen parotid glandsSore or hoarse throatElectrolyte imbalancesCardiac arrhythmiaHeart attackDental problemsVital organ damageSudden death?? The overuse of laxatives can also cause the body to become reliant on them in order to produce bowel movements. Exercise Habits Exercise can be a compensatory behavior and habit initially reinforced by perceived rewards (such as the hope for increased self-esteem, health, weight loss, strength, and more). Though exercise is often framed as a positive, when adhering to an exercise habit gets rigid or interferes with life, it can be a problem. For example, there may be a loss of flexibility in schedule, which could be seen as problematic for the person themselves or others. This could look like any of the following: Skipping important social event because the individual feels they must exerciseStopping or being less attentive to other important aspects of life because of an exercise routineFeeling driven to exercise when ill or injured The consequences of problematic or over-exercise can vary from minor to major and tend to relate to the person’s habits, individual body, frequency, and intensity of the  activity and practices. What to Do If you are or someone you love is struggling with changing habits of dieting, purging, binge eating, or compelled exercise, there are things that can help break these destructive habits. 11 Dos and Donts for Eating Disorder Recovery Adjust Your Attitude Habits are hard to break, but any repeated action may become a habit; this applies equally to actions  that align with healing and recovery from eating disorders and disordered eating.  Instead of viewing attempts to enact desired change as “failed” or “never going to change,” recognize that the habit part of your brain might be really strong. Keep Trying Use your ability to form a strong habit as a benefit. Keep practicing new, more desired, potential habits. For ideas about how to change behaviors, learn more about delays and alternatives. Distracting yourself or engaging in alternative activities is one way to start making a change in your habits. Remember That It Isnt Easy This doesnt mean that creating new or breaking old habitsâ€"especially those related to eating disorders or disordered eatingâ€"are simple tasks. Instead, we are looking at the brain’s powerful role when it hijacks choice and shifts something to habit, often without the person’s permission or awareness. Be Patient There is no hard and steadfast rule on how long forming a new habitâ€"for example,  one that aligns with healing and recovery from eating disorders and disordered eatingâ€"can take. One study found that it took participants between 18 and 254 days for new behaviors to become automatic habits.?? So be patient with yourself and understand that this is something that will take time. It wont be a sudden change, but you will start to notice improvements the longer you keep working toward your goal. Get Help Anyone who is engaged in eating disorder-related behaviors is strongly encouraged to seek professional guidance for support, techniques, safety, and oversight while trying to break these difficult and sometimes dangerous habits. People’s bodies handle stress differently, and there can be serious mental and physical health consequences from what can seem like benign dieting, purging, binge eating, and exercise habits. An Overview of Eating Disorder Treatments A Word From Verywell Please note that eating disorders are complex psychological illnesses that often come with physical consequences and cannot be oversimplified as habits. Viewing related behaviors through the lens of habit is a way to better understand the automaticity of some eating disorder-related behaviors that people have a hard time decreasing or stopping. Why Its Critical to Prioritize Eating Disorder Recovery

Cross Cultural Aspects Of Public Relations Management And...

EB3991 Research Methods for IBC Literature Review Cross-cultural Aspects in Public Relations Management and Advertising - A Case Study of Apple in China and Britain Xiao Yan (Ashely) G20591786 Tutor: Imren Waller Group E In the recent years, considerable attention has been paid to Apple Ltd, which has undoubtedly become the most successful media designs company with growing turnover and market shares. Its strong brand identity does not only indicate customers’ acceptance and preference of its products, but also demonstrate Apple’s competence in advertising communication and cross-cultural management. Given the pivotal role that Apple plays in successful cross-cultural communication with an extended focus on how to manage and influence customers’ perceptions and awareness upon the products, it is significant to establish research on its strategies in both intercultural PR management and advertising. This Literature review will look at the fields of public relations management and adverts in cross-cultural contexts through discussing and examining the themes - intercultural corporate communication, effective public relations communication cross cultures, cross-cultural PR practice; effective advertising and its standardization and localisation forms. The literature review will be used to suggest further research on Apple’s strategies in cross-cultural PR management and advertising. Intercultural corporate communication With respect to international corporateShow MoreRelatedBusiness Level Strategy of Coca Cola1529 Words   |  7 Pagesto gain more profits than the other beverages in the competitive market. Promotional and Advertising Strategies The major objective of promotional and advertising strategies is to attract the attention of customers and subsequently persuade them to purchase from the business. 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Bourne states that ‘in an increasingly digital world, distinctions between advertising, marketing and PR are often blurred.’ (Bourne, 2015) InRead MoreMeasuring Consumers’ Luxury Value Perception: a Cross-Cultural Framework13193 Words   |  53 PagesWiedmann, Hennigs, Siebels / Measuring Consumers‘ Luxury Value Perception: A Cross-Cultural Framework Measuring Consumers’ Luxury Value Perception: A Cross-Cultural Framework Klaus-Peter Wiedmann Institute of Marketing and Management Leibniz University of Hanover Nadine Hennigs Institute of Marketing and Management Leibniz University of Hanover Astrid Siebels Institute of Marketing and Management Leibniz University of Hanover Klaus-Peter Wiedmann is Chair of the Marketing Department and a ProfessorRead MoreMedia Convergence And Its Impact On The Contemporary Society2544 Words   |  11 PagesHowever, advertising industry is one of the sectors of communications and cultural industry that cannot avoid media convergence. This literature review paper will analyze disputes, which is presented in varied academic literature concerning the connotations of media convergence. Especially, focus on the different aspects of changes and challenges in advertising industry (industrial patterns and structures, dissemination platforms, transmission modes and content forms) from traditional advertising corporationsRead MoreAdjusting to Cultural Change1761 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Adjusting to cultural change: How U.S. business men and women have to adjust to various cultural changers to succeed in the international market. Abstract Culture inevitably influences the needs and desires of consumers of particular countries and socialized groups, consequently, businesses, in order to succeed have to be aware of cultural interests and target their products and operations to cultural demands. Succeeding necessitates knowing the factors that crisscross with the other culture andRead MoreWhat Are The Main Types Of Organizational Structures And Provided Positive And Negative Attributes For Each? Essay1426 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization is divided into smaller groups based on specialized functional areas. For example, in this type of organizational structure there may be an advertising department, a general accounting department and a customer service department. Each department consists of specialists who can operate independently with management acting as the point of cross-communication between functional areas, which allows for increased specialization and efficiency. However, the drawbacks to a functional structu re areRead MoreThe Evaluation Of Public Relations Internship Program3274 Words   |  14 Pages The evaluation of Public Relations Internship Program in China Literature Review Nowadays, when new ideas, professions and whole fields are imported or received into cultures that had no part in their creation and development, it is important to study how these fields fit in, are adapted to or are altered by their new host countries. China is the largest of these host countries. Since the early 1980s, Western ideas, practices and fields have been introducedRead MoreAn Introduction to Intercultural Communication29172 Words   |  117 PagesWithout the help of intercultural communication they can unknowingly cause confusion and misunderstandings. For these intercultural businesses to breach the cultural barriers encountered when stepping into foreign grounds it is vital for them to fully understand the cultural differences that exist so as to prevent damaging business relations due to intercultural communication gaps. There are many theories that set principles to help interpret the basis of intercultural communication. These theoriesRead MoreThe Evaluation Of Public Relations Internship Program3274 Words   |  14 Pages The evaluation of Public Relations Internship Program in China Literature Review Nowadays, when new ideas, professions and whole fields are imported or received into cultures that had no part in their creation and development, it is important to study how these fields fit in, are adapted to or are altered by their new host countries. China is the largest of these host countries. 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Essay On American Food - 1326 Words

United States of America The United States is a melting pot of different types of people and with that come food brought in from all over. With their being food from all over the world coming into the United States finding what is consider â€Å"American† food can be hard. Though there are some food that come from other places and well as coming from America that is considered American food. Foods like hot dogs, hamburger, chips mac and cheese, and meat loaf are just some of the things that are considered American. There are different styles of food that are considered American in different parts of the United States that are home comfort foods. There are also somethings that are created by the United States that would be considers American†¦show more content†¦The main aim of secondary education is to prepare for applying for entrances to Universities. (Japanese Education) Education in Japan is payed by the government for primary school and middle education and anything before and after that must be paid for by the parents. There is nine years of schooling by the government for public school for free though private schools must be paid for. Then secondary school must be paid for and even though high school must be paid for 94% for students continue onto high school. (Japanese Education) United States of America Education in the United States has a three to four schooling system where a child starts in Elementary school and ends in High school with a 97% literacy rate (United States Press). Parents can enroll their child into a child care or a preschool program, there are some programs that make child care free if not reduced but child care cost to the parents, though if they go into a preschool program it is free paid for by the government, though going to child care or a preschool program is not a requirement it is highly recommended that children go to at less preschool. Then a child will start Elementary school which starts when a child is about five. Though in some states it is not required for a child to go to kindergarten is it is most states. From Elementary school all the way to high school it isShow MoreRelatedEssay on The American Fast Food Industry1420 Words   |  6 Pages The fast food industry in America has many drawbacks at the cost of supplying food to the American population. Since many people are ignorant of the process their food goes through in order to become the edible meal they consume, American companies easily take advantage of them. 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The Role of Mass Media in the World of Politics Free Essays

The mass media plays a very important role in everyday life. It is often the only form of education which is available to some, and as such has a very powerful influence over people†s beliefs and opinions. This influence is never more evident than when analysing the relationship between the media and politics. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Mass Media in the World of Politics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Politics can justifiably be described as THE main determining factor in our lives, the major influence over many facets of day to day living, such as finances, healthcare and employment. The media is the major source of information about political affairs, and as such has control over what we actually know about the political system and what we may never find out. As a result of this, it becomes inevitable that the media has a certain ‘hold† over the political arena. The media can judge, approve and criticise. It can make or break political careers, even parties, and the information which the media provides helps the public to form attitudes, responses and opinions towards political events and actors. Thus it becomes very important for the political parties to keep the media ‘on-side†. It is obvious that the media does have some impact on politics, but the main question should be to what extent, how does it manifest itself and why should we care anyway? For the purpose of this essay the media will be described as the press, TV and radio. On the face of it the media is there simply to communicate, or act as a transmitter of information between the political world and the consumer. However, probably since the end of the second world war, it has become clear that the media can often have a hidden agenda when reporting politics. Indeed, one of the most contentious issues over the last few years, at least since I have been ‘consuming† media products, has been the debate over media ownership. This has been particularly evident in the press, the most notable case being the Rupert Murdoch ’empire† – News International. I will start off by discussing the case of the press, as I believe that this is traditionally where much of the impact on politics has occurred, although I will discuss later how this may be changing. One major area of concern about press reporting of politics is the apparent ‘dumbing down† of the coverage, even amongst the broadsheets, and the effect that this may have on politics. In 1993 Labour MP, and current Home Secretary, Jack Straw published a short research report into the press coverage of parliament, ( Negrine, 1998,p1). In doing the report he discovered how Parliamentary issues were now covered to a much lesser degree than in the past, going from between 400-800 lines per day in The Times in 1988, to fewer than 100 lines in 1992. This seemed to show that the broadsheets were following the tabloid example of dumbing down. This has led to the worry that the press is trivialising the political process in the UK. Politics is becoming increasingly personality led, rather than policy led. An event may have political significance or importance, but it will only really be seen as such if the press frames it in a way that makes it interesting and palatable to the reader. It therefore becomes a fact of political life that personalities are more interesting to the majority of the public than policies. This has inevitably led to a change in the political landscape, initiated and perpetuated by the media. There are now several key features to politics in the late twentieth century which were not there before. ‘Political marketing†, the use of ‘negative campaigning† and the introduction of spin doctors have all led to fear of an ‘Americanisation† of the political process. As well as the press, TV has played a major role in ushering in the age of the soundbite. The media has opened up a larger, more accessible audience to the politicians, which many of them find hard to resist. Institutions such as the House of Commons are becoming less and less a way of relaying policy issues and raising concerns, as the political arena is increasingly acted out in the media. Which publicity seeking politician, trying to gain support for their party, would choose the Commons over a highly publicised TV programme such as Question Time, or a high circulation newspaper such as The Sun. There has also been a decline in local party politics, as political communication has become more and more a national rather than local event. The American way of leader based, rather than party based politics has become a reality. This has been evident in the way that Tony Blair has become a media star, never more so than when his wife recently became pregnant. The celebrity image of the Prime Minister has also led to accusations that he lacks real political substance. Some would say another example of the ‘trivialising† of politics has been the introduction of TV cameras into the House of Commons. When it was first proposed in 1966 it was heavily defeated on the grounds that TV cameras would ruin the unique and intimate atmosphere of the house. In 1989 the house first appeared on television. Strict guidelines were issued over what could be shown, including the use of head and shoulder shots only and the banning of reaction shots. There was great unease amongst the sitting MPs, including the then Prime Minister Mrs Thatcher, who said at the time: â€Å".. if you are not careful you can freeze with TV there†¦. it is going to be a different House of Commons, but that is that†, (Politics UK, 1991, p208). There was a gradual thawing of hostile opinion towards the TV cameras, with some exceptions. David Amess, MP, protested that the cameras had managed to, â€Å".. trivialise our proceedings and spoil that very special atmosphere that we had here†, ( Politics UK, p208). The main political parties now recognise the crucial role the media has to play in their success and have reacted accordingly. Political strategies now incorporate media strategies. They try to manipulate the media in order to create a favourable image of themselves. In order to achieve this we have seen the introduction of professional media managers. The media dominated world of politics now needs professional management. Peter Mandelson and Alistair Campbell are two such media experts. They have been partly responsible for transforming the Labour Party from being unelectable to gaining a runaway victory in the 1997 general election. Indeed it has been said that Tony Blair spends more time in meetings with his image and media advisors than he spends discussing policies with his cabinet, which may be a worrying trend for UK politics. There are several ways that these people can attempt to manipulate the media. One such way, many would say to the detriment of the democratic process, is the manufacture of debates which are stage managed to ensure a friendly audience and the communication of well rehearsed answers. There is also a great deal of emphasis placed on image management, and specifically the image of the party leader. This is very evident when looking at the current leaders of the two main parties in the UK today. Despite the best attempts of Conservative central office to jazz up the image of William Hague, he still retains the image of a dull, almost incompetent twit. On the other hand Tony Blair has the image of a dynamic, if slightly shallow, leader. This tends to ignore the fact that Hague is possibly a more intelligent and thoughtful politician than Blair. Another good example of this is the differences between Ronald Reagan and Michael Foot. Reagan was a remarkably unskilled politician, but, being a trained actor, he was very good at conveying what was essentially a simple message. Foot, on the other hand, was a very skilled politician and public speaker. However, his unkempt appearance was not at all media friendly, and after defeat in the 83 general election he was cast aside in favour of a more media friendly Neil Kinnock. Reagan had two successful terms as US President. Many fear that this indicates a move away from real political issues towards a fickle political world where image is everything and political substance nothing. It is clear that a personality clash or a sex scandal can now be more damaging to a political party than an actual policy disagreement. But should we be very concerned about this, and exactly how much of the shifting political tide is down to the media. Some observers point to the fact that plain, unassuming politicians such as John Major and George Bush have enjoyed immensely successful political careers. This may suggest that the public can only be fooled to a certain degree by slick media management, and may eventually get sick of being ‘force fed† so called perfect politicians, with little or no political ability. How to cite The Role of Mass Media in the World of Politics, Essay examples

One-career Family versus Two-Career Family Essay Sample free essay sample

â€Å"One-career Family† is â€Å"where merely the hubby or merely the married woman is committed to the chase of a calling† ( Divorce Source. We will write a custom essay sample on One-career Family versus Two-Career Family Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Inc. n. p. ) . On the other manus. in a â€Å"two-career household†.â€Å"both the hubby and the married woman are committed to the chase of a calling† ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . This paper intends to demo. every bit good as. supply an account with respects to the similarities and differences between a â€Å"One-career Family† and â€Å"Two-career Family† . Both â€Å"One-career Family† and â€Å"Two-career Family† are similar in footings of: 1 ) pick ; and 2 ) hazard of acquiring into a divorce ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . They differ nevertheless. when it comes to: 1 ) the grounds for prosecuting in such ; 2 ) the attitude of their kids ; and 3 ) dependance ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . In a â€Å"One-career Family† . it is the hubby or the wife’s pick or both their pick that merely one of them will compel themselves into developing a calling ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . It is their determination if the married woman will be the one to go forth the house to work and construct up her calling while the hubby stays place and attend to the family chores or frailty versa ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . The same is true with the instance of the â€Å"Two-career Family† ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . It is their pick whether to prosecute in a â€Å"Two-career Family† scene or non ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . Another similarity of â€Å"One-career Family† and â€Å"Two-career Family† lies in the hazard of acquiring into a divorce ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . In the â€Å"One-career Family† . the 1 who is non engaged into developing a calling may later experience insecurity caused by the absence of growing and humdrum activities. i. e. family chores that will take to frequent battles that may finally interrupt up the matrimony ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . The same is true with the â€Å"Two-career Family† wherein the same thing may happen because of insufficiency of clip and communicating with each other ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . Explaining farther. if the hubby and the married woman are excessively busy spread outing their callings. so it may be possible that they will non hold for each other any longer which may in turn really lead to a bouldery matrimony every bit good ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. P ) . The two differs in grounds of prosecuting in such a scene though ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . In a â€Å"One-career Family† . the most likely ground for such is because of â€Å"personal fulfilment† . either the hubby or the married woman ( depending on who is developing his or her calling ) wants to accomplish something in footings of calling ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . He or she may merely be making it so that he or she will experience gratified ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . However. in a â€Å"Two-career Family† . the most likely motive for such is because of â€Å"pecuniary grounds† ; the household may necessitate more in footings of fiscal facet that is why both the hubby and the married woman had to travel to work and develop their callings ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . In add-on to that. in a â€Å"One-career Family† . it is more possible to hold childs that are well-disciplined because there is at least one parent entirely go toing to their negative behaviours ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . As compared with the â€Å"Two-career Family† . both parents may be to occupy with their flourishing callings that they no longer have clip to steer their kids and so they tend to exhibit and possess negative behaviours ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . In add-on to that. in footings of dependance. in a â€Å"One-career Family† . the 1 who is non working tends to go overly dependant on the 1 who has a occupation and a calling to spread out ; while. in a â€Å"Two-career Family† . one is non bound to depend on the other ; in fact. they may both turn independent ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . Besides because of such an illustration. their kids will besides be given to go more independent ( Divorce Source. Inc. n. p. ) . Work Cited Divorce Source. Inc. n. d. n. a. 3 March 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. divorcesource. com/CA/ARTICLES/vaupen7. hypertext markup language